1.

During the “Pull Phase” the paddlers arms should be buried in the water up to the level of the elbows.

Under the water, the hands should be  cupped with finger only slightly apart. The weight of the paddlers upper body should be transmitted down through the torso and shoulders and onto the arms and hands to help produce as much force as possible to accelerate the board

2.

Note that the “Z” angle (red line) has not changed through the lower leg, thigh and hips. Basically, the paddlers bottom and legs should remain stationary and locked in position at all times.

As the paddler pulls the arms back the head should remain the same distance off the deck of the board and not be ‘bobbing’ up and down.  This, along with maintaining a good Z angle will help stop the board rocking up and down.